OSİLOSKOP
Osiloskop nedir? Basitçe elektrik akımının ya da sinyalinin görünür hale gelmiş şekli denebilir kanaatimce.
Kullanılan Malzemeler: Arduino mega, 2.6 inç renkli tft ekran (spfd 5408), çeşitli kablolar.
Osiloskop yapmak için epey bir araştırma yaptıktan sonra çalışan bir osiloskop programı buldum. Tabiki 5V'a kadar gerilim ölçümü yapabilmektedir.
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Arduino Yazılımı (Sketch):
/**
This code is compiled by Vaupell ("Eqvaliser") search youtube. From Original Oscilloscope link : http://n.mtng.org/ele/arduino/oscillo-j.html Original TFT display link : http://www.smokeandwires.co.nz/blog/a-2-4-tft-touchscreen-shield-for-arduino/ Original Library availible here : https://github.com/Smoke-And-Wires/TFT-Shield-Example-Code EDIT “SWTFT.cpp” to change model. #include “mega_24_shield.h” if you are using a mega or #include “uno_24_shield.h” **/ // MEGA SETUP!!! #include <SPFD5408_Adafruit_GFX.h> // Core graphics library #include <SPFD5408_Adafruit_TFTLCD.h> // Hardware-specific library #if defined(__SAM3X8E__) #undef __FlashStringHelper::F(string_literal) #define F(string_literal) string_literal #endif #define LCD_CS A3 #define LCD_CD A2 #define LCD_WR A1 #define LCD_RD A0 // optional #define LCD_RESET A4 #define BLACK 0x0000 #define BLUE 0x001F #define RED 0xF800 #define GREEN 0x07E0 #define CYAN 0x07FF #define MAGENTA 0xF81F #define YELLOW 0xFFE0 #define WHITE 0xFFFF Adafruit_TFTLCD tft(LCD_CS, LCD_CD, LCD_WR, LCD_RD, LCD_RESET); int pwmSignal1 = 22; int pwmSignal2 = 23; //SWTFT tft; // If using the shield, all control and data lines are fixed, and // a simpler declaration can optionally be used: // SWTFT tft; #define txtLINE0 0 #define txtLINE1 16 #define txtLINE2 30 #define txtLINE3 46 const int LCD_WIDTH = 320; const int LCD_HEIGHT = 240; const int SAMPLES = 270; const int DOTS_DIV = 30;
const int ad_sw = 3; // Analog 3 pin for switches
const int ad_ch0 = A10; // Analog 4 pin for channel 0 const int ad_ch1 = A11; // Analog 5 pin for channel 1 const unsigned long VREF[] = {150, 300, 750, 1500, 3000}; // reference voltage 5.0V -> 150 : 1V/div range (100mV/dot) // It means 5.0 * DOTS_DIV = 150. Use 4.9 if reference voltage is 4.9[V] // -> 300 : 0.5V/div // -> 750 : 0.2V/div // ->1500 : 100mV/div // -> 3000 : 50mV/div const int MILLIVOL_per_dot[] = {33, 17, 6, 3, 2}; // mV/dot const int MODE_ON = 0; const int MODE_INV = 1; const int MODE_OFF = 2; const char *Modes[] = {"NORM", "INV", "OFF"}; const int TRIG_AUTO = 0; const int TRIG_NORM = 1; const int TRIG_SCAN = 2; const int TRIG_ONE = 3; const char *TRIG_Modes[] = {"Auto", "Norm", "Scan", "One"}; const int TRIG_E_UP = 0; const int TRIG_E_DN = 1; #define RATE_MIN 0 #define RATE_MAX 13 const char *Rates[] = {"F1-1", "F1-2 ", "F2 ", "5ms", "10ms", "20ms", "50ms", "0.1s", "0.2s", "0.5s", "1s", "2s", "5s", "10s"}; #define RANGE_MIN 0 #define RANGE_MAX 4 const char *Ranges[] = {" 1V ", "0.5V", "0.2V", "0.1V", "50mV"}; unsigned long startMillis; byte data[4][SAMPLES]; // keep twice of the number of channels to make it a double buffer byte sample = 0; // index for double buffer
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Define colors here #define BGCOLOR BLACK #define GRIDCOLOR WHITE #define CH1COLOR BLUE #define CH2COLOR YELLOW
// Declare variables and set defaults here
// Note: only ch1 is available with Aitendo's parallel 320x240 TFT LCD byte range0 = RANGE_MIN, ch0_mode = MODE_ON; // CH0 short ch0_off = 204; byte range1 = RANGE_MIN, ch1_mode = MODE_ON; // CH1 short ch1_off = 204; byte rate = 3; // sampling rate byte trig_mode = TRIG_AUTO, trig_lv = 30, trig_edge = TRIG_E_UP, trig_ch = 1; // trigger settings byte Start = 1; // Start sampling byte menu = 0; // Default menu ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void setup() {
pinMode(pwmSignal1, OUTPUT);
analogWrite(pwmSignal1, 150);
pinMode(pwmSignal2, OUTPUT);
analogWrite(pwmSignal2, 25);
tft.reset();
uint16_t identifier = tft.readID(); tft.begin(identifier);
tft.setRotation(3);
tft.fillScreen(BGCOLOR);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setTextSize(2); tft.setCursor(5, 60); tft.print("Arduino Osiloskop"); tft.setCursor(5, 90); tft.print("spfd5408 TFT LCD (320x240)"); tft.setCursor(5, 120); tft.print("2015-2017(c)"); tft.setCursor(5, 150); tft.print("Aytekin TUZLALI, Aug, 2017"); delay(4000);
tft.fillScreen(BGCOLOR);
Serial.begin(9600);
DrawGrid(); DrawText(); }
void CheckSW() {
static unsigned short oain[2]; static unsigned long Millis = 0, oMillis = 0; unsigned long ms; unsigned short ain = analogRead(ad_sw);
return;
ms = millis();
if ((ms - Millis) < 5) return; Millis = ms;
if (!(abs(oain[0] - oain[1]) > 10 && abs(oain[1] - ain) < 2)) {
oain[0] = oain[1]; oain[1] = ain; return; } oain[0] = oain[1]; oain[1] = ain;
if (ain > 950 || (Millis - oMillis) < 200)
return; oMillis = Millis;
// Serial.println(ain);
int sw;
for (sw = 0; sw < 10; sw ++) { const int sw_lv[] = {889, 800, 700, 611, 514, 419, 338, 231, 132, 70}; if (ain > sw_lv[sw]) break; } // Serial.println(sw);
switch (menu) {
case 0: default: menu0_sw(sw); break; case 1: menu1_sw(sw); break; case 2: menu2_sw(sw); break; }
DrawText();
}
void menu0_sw(int sw) {
switch (sw) { case 0: // START/HOLD if (Start) Start = 0; else Start = 1; break; case 1: // CH0 RANGE - if (range0 < RANGE_MAX) range0 ++; break; case 2: // CH1 RANGE - if (range1 < RANGE_MAX) range1 ++; break; case 3: // RATE FAST if (rate > 0) rate --; break; case 4: // TRIG MODE if (trig_mode < TRIG_ONE) trig_mode ++; else trig_mode = 0; break; case 5: // SEND SendData(); break; case 6: // TRIG MODE if (trig_mode > 0) trig_mode --; else trig_mode = TRIG_ONE; break; case 7: // RATE SLOW if (rate < RATE_MAX) rate ++; break; case 8: // CH1 RANGE + if (range1 > 0) range1 --; break; case 9: // CH0 RANGE + if (range0 > 0) range0 --; break; case 10: default: // MENU SW menu ++; break; } }
void menu1_sw(int sw) {
switch (sw) { case 0: // START/HOLD if (Start) Start = 0; else Start = 1; break; case 1: // CH0 offset + if (ch0_off < 1023) ch0_off += 1024 / VREF[range0]; break; case 2: // CH1 offset + if (ch1_off < 1023) ch1_off += 1024 / VREF[range1]; break; case 3: // trigger level + if (trig_lv < 60) trig_lv ++; break; case 4: case 6: // TRIG EDGE if (trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP) trig_edge = TRIG_E_DN; else trig_edge = TRIG_E_UP; break; case 5: // SEND SendData(); break; case 7: // trigger level - if (trig_lv > 0) trig_lv --; break; case 8: // CH1 OFF - if (ch1_off > -1023) ch1_off -= 1024 / VREF[range1]; break; case 9: // CH0 OFF - if (ch0_off > -1023) ch0_off -= 1024 / VREF[range0]; break; case 10: default: // MENU SW menu ++; break; } }
void menu2_sw(int sw) {
switch (sw) { case 0: // START/HOLD if (Start) Start = 0; else Start = 1; break; case 1: if (ch0_mode < 2) ch0_mode ++; break; case 2: if (ch1_mode < 2) ch1_mode ++; break; case 3: case 7: // TRIG channel if (trig_ch == 0) trig_ch = 1; else trig_ch = 0; break; case 5: // SEND SendData(); break; case 8: if (ch1_mode > 0) ch1_mode --; break; case 9: if (ch0_mode > 0) ch0_mode --; break; case 10: // MENU SW menu = 0; break; case 4: case 6: default: // none break; } }
void SendData() {
Serial.print(Rates[rate]); Serial.println("/div (30 samples)"); for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { Serial.print(data[sample + 0][i]*MILLIVOL_per_dot[range0]); Serial.print(" "); Serial.println(data[sample + 1][i]*MILLIVOL_per_dot[range1]); } }
void DrawGrid() {
for (int x = 0; x <= SAMPLES; x += 2) { // Horizontal Line for (int y = 0; y <= LCD_HEIGHT; y += DOTS_DIV) { tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR); CheckSW(); } if (LCD_HEIGHT == 240) tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT - 1, GRIDCOLOR); } for (int x = 0; x <= SAMPLES; x += DOTS_DIV ) { // Vertical Line for (int y = 0; y <= LCD_HEIGHT; y += 2) { tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR); CheckSW(); } } }
void DrawText() {
tft.setTextColor(WHITE); tft.setTextSize(1); tft.setCursor(SAMPLES - 3, 20); tft.print(Ranges[range1]); tft.println("/DIV"); tft.setCursor(SAMPLES + 3, 30); tft.print(Rates[rate]); tft.println("/DIV"); tft.setCursor(SAMPLES + 3, 40); tft.println(TRIG_Modes[trig_mode]); tft.setCursor(SAMPLES + 3, 50); tft.println(trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP ? "UP" : "DN"); tft.setCursor(SAMPLES + 3, 60); tft.println(Modes[ch1_mode]); // tft.setCursor(SAMPLES, 70); // tft.println(trig_ch == 0 ? "T:1" : "T:2"); #if 0 GLCD.FillRect(101, txtLINE0, 28, 64, WHITE); // clear text area that will be drawn below
switch (menu) {
case 0: GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE0); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(Ranges[range0]); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE1); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(Ranges[range1]); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE2); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(Rates[rate]); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE3); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(TRIG_Modes[trig_mode]); break; case 1: GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE0); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts("OF1"); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE1); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts("OF2"); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE2); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts("Tlv"); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE3); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP ? "UP" : "DN"); break; case 2: GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE0); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(Modes[ch0_mode]); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE1); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(Modes[ch1_mode]); GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1, txtLINE2); // locate curser for printing text GLCD.Puts(trig_ch == 0 ? "T:1" : "T:2"); break; } #endif }
void DrawGrid(int x) {
if ((x % 2) == 0) for (int y = 0; y <= LCD_HEIGHT; y += DOTS_DIV) tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR); if ((x % DOTS_DIV) == 0) for (int y = 0; y <= LCD_HEIGHT; y += 2) tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR); }
void ClearAndDrawGraph() {
int clear = 0;
if (sample == 0)
clear = 2; #if 0 for (int x = 0; x < SAMPLES; x++) { GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][x], WHITE); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][x], WHITE); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][x], BLACK); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][x], BLACK); } #else for (int x = 0; x < (SAMPLES - 1); x++) { tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][x], x + 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][x + 1], BGCOLOR); tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][x], x + 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][x + 1], BGCOLOR); if (ch0_mode != MODE_OFF) tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][x], x + 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][x + 1], CH1COLOR); if (ch1_mode != MODE_OFF) tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][x], x + 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][x + 1], CH2COLOR); CheckSW(); } #endif }
void ClearAndDrawDot(int i) {
int clear = 0;
if (i <= 1)
return; if (sample == 0) clear = 2; #if 0 for (int x = 0; x < SAMPLES; x++) { GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][x], WHITE); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][x], WHITE); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][x], BLACK); GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][x], BLACK); } #else tft.drawLine(i - 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][i - 1], i, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][i], BGCOLOR); tft.drawLine(i - 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][i - 1], i, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][i], BGCOLOR); if (ch0_mode != MODE_OFF) tft.drawLine(i - 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][i - 1], i, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][i], CH1COLOR); if (ch1_mode != MODE_OFF) tft.drawLine(i - 1, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][i - 1], i, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][i], CH2COLOR); #endif DrawGrid(i); }
void DrawGraph() {
for (int x = 0; x < SAMPLES; x++) { tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 0][x], CH1COLOR); tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[sample + 1][x], CH2COLOR); } }
void ClearGraph() {
int clear = 0;
if (sample == 0)
clear = 2; for (int x = 0; x < SAMPLES; x++) { tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 0][x], BGCOLOR); tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT - data[clear + 1][x], BGCOLOR); } }
inline unsigned long adRead(byte ch, byte mode, int off)
{ unsigned long a = analogRead(ch); a = ((a + off) * VREF[ch == ad_ch0 ? range0 : range1] + 512) >> 10; a = a >= (LCD_HEIGHT + 1) ? LCD_HEIGHT : a; if (mode == MODE_INV) return LCD_HEIGHT - a; return a; }
void loop() {
if (trig_mode != TRIG_SCAN) { unsigned long st = millis(); byte oad; if (trig_ch == 0) oad = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); else oad = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off); for (;;) { byte ad; if (trig_ch == 0) ad = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); else ad = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
if (trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP) {
if (ad >= trig_lv && ad > oad) break; } else { if (ad <= trig_lv && ad < oad) break; } oad = ad;
CheckSW();
if (trig_mode == TRIG_SCAN) break; if (trig_mode == TRIG_AUTO && (millis() - st) > 100) break; } }
// sample and draw depending on the sampling rate
if (rate <= 5 && Start) { // change the index for the double buffer if (sample == 0) sample = 2; else sample = 0;
if (rate == 0) { // full speed, channel 0 only
unsigned long st = millis(); for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { data[sample + 0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); } for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) data[sample + 1][i] = 0; // Serial.println(millis()-st); } else if (rate == 1) { // full speed, channel 1 only unsigned long st = millis(); for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { data[sample + 1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off); } for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) data[sample + 0][i] = 0; // Serial.println(millis()-st); } else if (rate == 2) { // full speed, dual channel unsigned long st = millis(); for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { data[sample + 0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); data[sample + 1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off); } // Serial.println(millis()-st); } else if (rate >= 3 && rate <= 5) { // .5ms, 1ms or 2ms sampling const unsigned long r_[] = {5000 / DOTS_DIV, 10000 / DOTS_DIV, 20000 / DOTS_DIV}; unsigned long st0 = millis(); unsigned long st = micros(); unsigned long r = r_[rate - 3]; for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { while ((st - micros()) < r) ; st += r; data[sample + 0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); data[sample + 1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off); } // Serial.println(millis()-st0); } ClearAndDrawGraph(); CheckSW(); DrawGrid(); DrawText(); } else if (Start) { // 5ms - 500ms sampling // copy currently showing data to another if (sample == 0) { for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { data[2][i] = data[0][i]; data[3][i] = data[1][i]; } } else { for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { data[0][i] = data[2][i]; data[1][i] = data[3][i]; } }
const unsigned long r_[] = {50000 / DOTS_DIV, 100000 / DOTS_DIV, 200000 / DOTS_DIV,
500000 / DOTS_DIV, 1000000 / DOTS_DIV, 2000000 / DOTS_DIV, 5000000 / DOTS_DIV, 10000000 / DOTS_DIV }; unsigned long st0 = millis(); unsigned long st = micros(); for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i ++) { while ((st - micros()) < r_[rate - 6]) { CheckSW(); if (rate < 6) break; } if (rate < 6) { // sampling rate has been changed tft.fillScreen(BGCOLOR); break; } st += r_[rate - 6]; if (st - micros() > r_[rate - 6]) st = micros(); // sampling rate has been changed to shorter interval if (!Start) { i --; continue; } data[sample + 0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off); data[sample + 1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off); ClearAndDrawDot(i); } // Serial.println(millis()-st0); DrawGrid(); DrawText(); } else { CheckSW(); } if (trig_mode == TRIG_ONE) Start = 0; } |
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